Economy grows 6.3 percent from 2011 to 2013

The World Bank projected the economic growth of developing countries will experience a slowdown from 7.3 percent in 2010 to average around 6.3 percent in the period 2011-2013.

Based on World Bank report "Global Economic Prospects" June 2011 edition received here on Friday, noted that developing countries should focus on at this time to overcome challenges such as achieving balanced growth.

According to the report, how to achieve balanced growth through structural reforms, among others, cope with inflationary pressures, and the face of rising commodity prices.

Consistent with the projections of developing countries, a group of high-income countries are also expected to experience economic growth rate is slowing, from 2.7 percent in 2010 to 2.2 percent in 2011, then 2.7 percent in 2012, and 2 , 6 percent in 2013.

Multilateral financial institutions was also stated, there are many developing countries whose economy is operating above capacity so that the risk of "overheating", especially those in Asia and Latin America.

While inflation in developing countries reported nearly 7 per cent yoy in March 2011, while inflation in high-income countries have also touched the figure of 2.8 percent in April 2011.

The increase in inflation the highest found in East Asia, Middle East and North Africa region.

The World Bank also warned that rising oil prices and shortages of food production due to bad weather also contributed to soaring food prices.

The price surge is also considered to have negative consequences for the poor who spend most of their income for food.

As already reported, the Bank Indonesia (BI) believes there is still potential for Indonesia's economy to grow higher than expected if the various constraints in the economy can be identified properly and find a way out.

"With the support of adequate infrastructure, good transportation-related infrastructure such as roads, ports, and airports, as well as those related to the availability of energy for businesses, we are of the view that economic growth in Indonesia in 2012 could be higher than the range of 6.1 to 6 , 6 per cent, "said Nasution Governor of Bank Indonesia in Jakarta, Thursday (9 / 6).

According to him, Indonesia's economy predicted to continue to improve thanks to the impetus is maintained macroeconomic stability, with economic growth expected to be at the upper limit of the range of 6.0 to 6.5 percent in 2011 and increased by 6.1 to 6.6 percent in 2012. 

economic growth target of Indonesia in 2011

The government revised its economic growth target of Indonesia in 2011. In discussions with Commission XI of the House of Representatives (DPR), the Minister of Finance Agus Martowardojo deliver economic growth target to 6.4 percent. This revision was up 0.1 percent compared to the original proposal that only 6.3 percent.

"We convey, upon discussions between the government and Bank Indonesia to revise our economic growth for 2011 was 6.4 percent," said Agus Marto in the capitol, Jakarta, Tuesday, September 21, 2010.

Through the statement, according to Agus, automatically upon the financial memorandum and the draft State Budget (Draft Budget) 2011 which has been submitted to Parliament revised.

With the rise in economic growth targets, the government is committed to constantly be aware of global conditions and the trade balance and balance of payments.

Not only economic growth, other macroeconomic assumptions are revised from Rp9.300 rupiah per U.S. dollar converted into Rp9.250 per U.S. dollar. Similarly to the tax ratio (tax ratio) also rose 0.05 percent to 12.05 percent. The increase is in line with the revision of economic growth.

Meanwhile, inflation remained at 5.3 percent, the interest rate of Bank Indonesia Certificates (SBI) 3 months was 6.5 percent, oil prices Indonesia (Indonesia Crude Price / ICP) U.S. $ 80 per barrel and for the lifting of 970 thousand barrels per day .

According to Agus, the draft 2011 budget law, the government and the Parliament agreed to include a target of poverty and unemployment as a measure of achievement to be achieved the government.

"Next year, a target of poverty and unemployment that has been there in the Government Work Plan (Work Plan of the Government) will be a clause of the state budget completely.'ll Be discussed at the Budget Agency," said Agus.

Government's target for next year's poverty level will be lowered to 11.5 to 12.5 percent and 7 percent unemployment.

Broadban Push the ASEAN Economic Growth

Development of broadband infrastructure network for information communication and telecommunication (ICT) will be assessed quickly to encourage economic development and social sectors in the ASEAN region.

"Various studies prove, not economically broadband service is limited to tax revenues for the state, but also capable of stimulating economic growth," said President Director of XL Axiata Page Husnul Suhaimi here on Monday.

Citing McKinsey, Husnul said every 10 percent increase in broadband penetration will increase the GDP of a country of about 0.6-0.7 percent.

"Every increase of 10 percent broadband penetration will also increase worker productivity by 1.5 percent in five years," he said.

In front of a seminar titled "Reinventing ASEAN? s Potential: with permission from the New Opportunities" - Axiata 8th ASEAN Leadership Forum, he said that the availability of broadband services will facilitate the connectivity of ASEAN.

"Broadband can overcome the obstacles of transportation to remote areas in the realization of development in rural areas," said Hasnul.

For that Hasnul stressed the need for synergy antarpelaku telecommunications industry and government support in implementing the service useful, inter alia cooperation "network sharing" such as towers, backhaul, and fixed networks to minimize costs.

Study of Rural Development

It 'was presented during a panel discussion at the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Ancona, a study proposed by the special Fisheries and Agriculture (ASPeA.) Chamber of Commerce of Ancona on the olive oil sector of the Marche Region performed by research group disciplines of Agricultural Economic Faculty of Agriculture (UNIVPM) in collaboration with COLDIRETTI Ancona.

It was many believe that the sector extra virgin olive oil can be a great opportunity for the Marches to boost its agricultural production and enhancing the area. The research has resulted in the belief that market competition should be more between sectors or groups of producers rather than between individual companies.

Starting from the awareness that the producers need a "system", the roundtable sought the insights emerging from the study to identify possible strategies for enhancing local extra virgin olive oil. Among the topics of discussion include the ability to satisfy consumer expectations to a greater degree of competition, innovation and product quality and the development of appropriate marketing strategies. Certainly, the planning of rural development policy can make a substantial contribution to the development of the sector and the construction of the pipeline.

Economists Crack Itself

Last week there were professors Eijffinger and Van de Klundert in The Times with a critique of the CPB. The Times headlined opportunistic, "chief economist cracking CPB. I can in any case difficult to understand how economists think these two make mistakes.

Eijffinger and Van de Klundert make first a comment that is factually inaccurate: "The Central Planning Bureau (CPB), the next two cabinets 29 billion euro cut in view the sustainability gaps, the account of the crisis for future generations down impose ". Moments later, they claim: "The way the agency then the discussion on sustainability is driven, is misleading. It does not all at once. "

But the CPB has never claimed how fast the sustainability gap must be eliminated. DNB, the Study Group on Budgetary and some political parties all have views on how fast the sustainability gap must be eliminated, without CPB.

Eijffinger and Van de Klundert criticize the CPB, not all aspects of aging in mind to include in the calculations, "CPB downplays the benefits of aging and gives no balanced view of this problem long term." Future generations inherit The current generation of production potential in the form of capital, intangibles and knowledge. Even with the advance of technology development for future generations better off. "

Concept for Additional Spending

This concept election is therefore in a shorter time span than usual reached. The election commission has narrowed, but sure, fortunately secured the input of many. Party members, organizations, networks have also joined in this tight schedule - for which we are very grateful.

This concept gee up our views on the issues now and in the future for our prosperity in the broadest sense are important. This concept election is therefore essentially a playback of our priorities for the coming years. It can not be regarded as one of the fullest possible list everything we have to wish for our country and for the rest of the world. From the many good ideas that were-bear, we have only limited selections.

Nancial the potential for additional spending and new policies in the coming years old. Precisely because it is important that there is no misunderstanding about the direction we choose for the Netherlands and its role in the world. That is why a comprehensive vision on the major chal-lenges of our time and our answers.

World Summit on Sustainable Development in Johannesburg, South Africa.

Sustainable development of Economy' is the key concept in the report "Our Common Future" which was released in 1987 by the UN Brundtland Commission. This report is also known as the Brundtland Report, named after former Norwegian Prime Minister Gro Harlem Brundtland, who chaired this committee. Brundtland made a clear link between economic growth, environmental issues and poverty and development issues. 

The report argues that poverty is an obstacle to sustainable use of natural environments and integration of conservation and economic development necessary for sustainable development. Another milestone was the Biodiversity Convention of Rio de Janeiro in 1992. Member States agreed at the UN conference, to develop new policies for environment and development. The new development pattern was found for all countries, sustainable development was mentioned. In 2002, the largest UN conference held to date: the World Summit on Sustainable Development in Johannesburg, South Africa. During these conferences was that not obvious that the current prosperity in Western countries until the end of time on the same high rates can be sustained. This is due to the scarcity of resources, which we must deal wisely. We need all our resources use efficiency and savings to jump in energy and biodiversity. We must invest in knowledge and education, so that technologies can be developed to subsequent generations with minimal use of scarce raw materials and fossil energy is an acceptable level of wealth creation for themselves. Sustainability is characterized by large uncertainties about the future. Indeed, sustainability is about long term and the longer the term, the greater the uncertainties. Especially when it comes to demographics, technological developments and the strength of our living systems.

Inhibiting Factor of Economic Growth in Somalia

The situation in Somalia from any perspective is bleak and there is little hope of improvement in the short term. The basis for this is the lack of a broad political solution to conflicts that afflict the country. The Djibouti process is more or less stalled due to a lack of inclusiveness. The armed opposition seems not currently interested in joining this process and the Transitional Federal Government (TFG) is too weak for other factions to convince of the need to participate.

Ultimately the key question is where the common interest of all concerned Somali faction by very different motives and interests are driven, from the influence of the clan, religious, economic gain and political power. This question will the Somalis themselves must be answered, because the past has shown that one imposed from above or from outside political solution offered does not work. So far killed all political processes to lack of support in Somalia or the uncoordinated actions of external actors, who often pursue their own agenda in Somalia and therefore recruit local partners. Such interventions have not always been so supportive of the difficulties in reaching peace and make some more sense in that part of the problem than the solution.

Economic Growth in Third World Countries

In Third World countries the impact of the global financial crisis has resulted in a rebound of the slowdown experienced by developed economies, because, logically, its external dependence. There was the following:

• A decline in exports
• A reduction in remittances
• A reduction in foreign direct investment
• A drop in capital flows

To make matters worse, all this we must add two things: the raw material crisis that erupted in 2008, in the preface to the financial crisis and the effects of climate change are increasingly apparent.

Here we will further analyze the impact of economic crisis in third world countries.

We began by asking: What is the Third World?

The meaning of Third World is not geographically, but economically. This locution Sauvy coined in the fifties of last century from the idea of the third state of the French Assembly created following the French Revolution. Intended to designate countries that do not belong to any of the opposing ideological blocs in the Cold War. In practice, proved to be the income per capita lower.

Rule of Tax Treatment Depends on The Location

The tax treatment of dividends paid to a Belgian holding company in the state of the source of these dividends depends on the location of the distributing company.

There are two hypotheses.

Company located in Belgium

The withholding tax is not levied on dividends receivable and whose beneficiaries are companies resident in Belgium for as long as the company receiving the dividends has held for a continuous period of at least one year, at the time of allocation dividend participation of at least 25% shareholding in the distributing company.

The exemption from withholding is applicable regardless of the legal form of society and is thus also the dividends received or accrued by companies that are not specifically covered by the Directive mother-daughter.

If these conditions are not met, the withholding tax will be withheld by the distributing company and charged by the company receiving the tax finally due or possibly refunded if the recipient does not display a holding company tax base.

Company located in a member state of the European Union

The EU Directive "parent-subsidiary" of July 23, 1990 had, under Article 5, the profits distributed by a subsidiary to its parent company established in another Member State is exempted from withholding tax in both the State of origin of the income in the Member State of the recipient company, provided that it holds a stake of at least 25% shareholding in its subsidiary. To extend the benefits of the latter, the new Council Directive 2003/123/EC of 22 December 2003, provides that the ownership threshold at which a company can be considered as a parent and the other as its subsidiary should be reduced gradually from 25% to 10% by 2009 (20% at the date of entry into force of the text, 15% in 2007 and 10% in 2009).

Taxation Documents

This document presents the principles of taxation of micro-enterprise can choose individual entrepreneurs. From a social point of view, micro-entrepreneurs are independent Social Plan (RSI). Their social contributions can be calculated and paid according to the common law system or as the regime of micro-social.

Micro-entrepreneurs must report their activity to the center of business formalities (CFE):

- With the Chamber of Commerce and Industry (CCI) they are traders,

- With the Chamber of Trades and Crafts (MAC) if they are craftsmen,

- With Urssaf they are professionals, managers

- The registry of the Commercial Court if they are commercial agents

Rules of Liability to Pay Tax

However, and this is a specific aspect of the tax system, local officials may also opt for another procedure of taxation, choosing to tax their allowances following the classic rules applicable to salaries and wages, including the taking into account the "actual costs".

It is mainly used this solution when the elected do not receive (or little) other than income from their allowances when they are high, when elected has significant burdens of families (because of the application of the family quotient system) or when the costs of carrying out the mandate far exceeds the "package" practiced in the case of the withholding.

In contrast, the tax liability under the rules applicable to salaries and wages are not of interest to local officials receiving reduced benefits. It appears to reverse more sense to choose the system of withholding tax (or withholding), which scales applicable state and package system is very favorable - allowing certain amounts of the same benefit of non-taxation. For this, it should inform the tax authorities of the choice before the 1 January.

What is the Tax Benefits of Local Elected ?

 

Payments to local politicians have long been considered, a tax perspective, as for the expense and thus, consequently, may not be as subject to tax on income of individuals . However, the Act No. 92-108 of 3 February 1992 has changed this situation, and to replace a tax system tax leaving some freedom of choice in local hands. Indeed, Article 204-0 bis of the General Tax Code establishes the principle of withholding allowances applicable to local officials, with legal effect in respect of tax on personal income.

The determination of the taxable amount is then made on the basis of total gross compensation function, which are deducted from social security contributions mandatory - including IRCANTEC - the share of CSG deductible and also a lump sum representing the cost of jobs. This amount is equal to 100% of the amount of compensation paid to the mayors of municipalities with fewer than 500 inhabitants (632.85 euro in 2007 if elected on just one term compensation).

The retention used in this amount is then determined by applying the general rate of income tax (with a single tax share, and without profit for the reduction of 20% set aside for salaries and wages). Most members choose to submit to this withholding, which allows them to exclude their compensation from their other taxable income, and therefore, given the important deduction that can be performed on the amount of compensation (including " package 'fee representative jobs), to benefit from moderate taxation.

Subsistence Economy In Developing Countries

It is understood that for subsistence economy based on agriculture or livestock in farms, usually family, which is only enough for food and clothing for the family or social group in which there are no trade surpluses that can or, if they occur, these are rare and are used immediately to barter with other families or social groups.

Subsistence peasant economies are a complex variable from culture to culture, from year to year and even from one season to another. These savings combine productive activities, agriculture and animal husbandry, mining, milling activities, leñateo, hunting, fishing, collecting fruits, seeds, wild fibers, herbs and other non-crops, mining of alluvial gold, etc .- with paid work and in cash (jornaleo) or as an exchange for their housing and access to agricultural land or agricultural or livestock production. [1] In all peasant economies are also manufacturing handicrafts: textiles, ceramics, wood carving, etc. . to produce furniture, utensils and tools for self-consumption, barter and trade. Similarly, all subsistence economies seeking a commercialization of the surpluses of the various activities.

The vector composition of the activities of a rural economy can change in the short term and in general is subject to cycles, pulses mediated by intra-annual climate (temperature, rainfall, wind ...) that define the phenology (germination, flowering , fruiting, defoliation, etc..) wild plants and cultivation and to a lesser extent animal production (birth, growth and reproduction).

The analysis of the combined subsistence peasant economies accounting work effort, measured in days or salaries · man dedicated to an activity for a year or season to profitability, in terms of value added, production from such activity, as local market prices.

Another meaning is that it is simply economies which consumes everything that occurs

Emerging Countries in the G-20 Forum

The term emerging economy is used in two similar but different ways:

1. It is called as such, the country that being a developing economy and for economic reasons, the international community takes on a promotion according to their own level of industrial production and foreign sales, standing as a competitor to other economies more developed, often due to low prices for their products.
2. Also called emerging economy to the situation within a country in which you move from a subsistence economy to a strong industrial development.

The characteristics of emerging economies are:

• Incipient industrialization.
• Production essentially generated in the primary sector (agriculture and mining).
• Its technologies do not yet have a high development.
• Internal market in constant growth process.
• Socio-economic means and high with a large yearly progress.
• Relating commercial presence in the global market.
• Relating economic and financial dependence from abroad.

Effect of the Economic crisis in the Third World

What is the effect of the economic crisis in the Third World?

We must discern that the crisis has been transmitted through two channels:

• Direct: Some of the countries themselves are involved in financial markets. Therefore, financial institutions are exposed to toxic assets behave.
• Hint: Some of these countries, particularly Africa, are very little involved in the international financial system, but in a globalized world, many channels of transmission of the crisis.

And the consequences are:

• A brake on the already low economic growth: IMF points to an average deceleration of June 2008 to 3 in the developing countries.
• Exports from developing countries will stagnate by the recession.
• In 2009, an estimated 55 to 90 million more than expected before the crisis will be living in extreme poverty.
• Restriction credit and funds from donor countries
• Devaluation of their currencies
• Reduction of imports and exports, is hindering the objectives of the Doha Round of the WTO, a global agreement to eliminate trade restrictions in the world. Developing countries seek to try to get an unimpeded access to their markets for agricultural production in central countries. This means that great powers should eliminate or reduce significantly, the protection given to agriculture by way of direct subsidies to farmers or export subsidies.

Poor Countries & Developing Countries

The names of these countries has changed then, but always has reference Take the comparison with the rest of the planet have been called poor countries, underdeveloped countries or developing countries of the South (because most are in America, Africa and Asia, so we view the historian Gabriel Tortella, what is proper to say tropical countries), or fragile states.

The major classifications are managed today are:

• The three global groups are developing countries, central and eastern Europe and the CIS (CIS) member countries of the Organization of Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). These groups are not mutually exclusive.
• They also tend to be regional classifications. Developing countries are further classified into the following regions: Arab States, East Asia and the Pacific, Latin America and the Caribbean (including Mexico), South Asia, southern Europe and sub-Saharan Africa.

Ominous Third World countries have been less studied than others, and because the main theme of historical study is social change (Stuart Mill said that most of the world has no history because the despotism of custom is complete in it).

We will characterize these countries from what has generally been called the "vicious circle" of economic growth.

• There are eighty percent of the planet.
• States are usually young people as largely arising from decolonization.
• They are located in the tropical belt of the planet and Montesquieu attributed to the climate and soil quality important consequences in the social structure.
• The hot climates favor the calving of epidemics.
• The agricultural conditions, which until relatively recently were the basis of economies, not grow well, many have only one or a few more raw materials, and no conditions of fertility.
• A poor agriculture can not accumulate surpluses.

From G 8 To G - 20

The G8 (for "Group of Eight") is a newsgroup and economic partnership of eight countries among the most economically powerful in the world: United States, Japan, Germany, France, United Kingdom, Italy, Canada and Russia. Together they represent 61% of the global economy.

Leaders of G8 countries meet annually at a summit of Heads of State or Government and the presidents of the Commission and Council of Europe (and for certain activities, representatives of other countries or other international unions, invited to participate). Throughout the year, the G8 has a busy agenda in the host country, which meet the ministers and responsible 

The Schemes Of G - 20

It is therefore:

* 25% of Asian countries (Japan, China, South Korea, India, Indonesia);

* 25% of European countries (Germany, France, United Kingdom, Italy, EU);

* 15% of countries in North America (United States, Canada, Mexico);

* 10% of countries in South America (Brazil, Argentina);

* 5% of African countries (South Africa);

* 10% of countries in the Middle East (Turkey, Saudi Arabia);

* 10% Other countries (Russia, Australia).

This is more of a political group that the 20 largest economies. Indeed, are not official members:

* Spain, 8th world economy;

* The Netherlands, 16;

* Poland, 18th;

* Belgium, 20th.

The European countries should theoretically be 40% rather than 25%.

The European Union is represented by the Chairman and that of the European Central Bank, which explains the name of G20. The G20 also hosts the Bretton Woods institutions: the IMF Managing Director, President of the World Bank

Economic Growth & Development

A broader concept that captures the aspects not covered by the gross domestic product is the concept of economic development, which also includes aspects such as production level, structural aspects such as education of the population, indicators of mortality, life expectancy, etc. The concept of development also include more abstract notions such as political freedom, social security, etc..

Why not use the concept of economic development or other welfare measures instead of the concept of gross